बहुत अच्छा सवाल 👍
अब मैं आपको हर Tense (काल) के लिए यह भी बताऊँगा कि हिंदी में कैसे पहचानें (कौन-से शब्द या अंत आपको संकेत देंगे)। इससे हिंदी मीडियम बच्चों को बहुत आसानी होगी।

Tense Chart (with पहचान + Example)

✅ WHAT IS TENSE? (काल क्या होता है?)

Tense tells the time of an action.
Tense बताता है कि काम कब हुआ, हो रहा है या होगा।

There are 3 main tenses and each has 4 sub-tenses:

✅ 1. PRESENT TENSE (वर्तमान काल)

🔹 A. SIMPLE PRESENT

Rule:

• Affirmative: S + V¹ + s/es
• Negative: S + do/does not + V¹
• Interrogative: Do/Does + S + V¹?

Hindi पहचान:
👉 sentence ends with “ता है, ती है, ते हैं”

🔹 B. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Rule:

• S + is/am/are + V¹ + ing

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “रहा है, रही है, रहे हैं”

🔹 C. PRESENT PERFECT

Rule:

• S + has/have + V³

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “चुका है, चुकी है, चुके हैं”

🔹 D. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Rule:

• S + has/have been + V¹ + ing + since/for

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “से रहा है”

✅ 2. PAST TENSE (भूतकाल)

🔹 A. SIMPLE PAST

Rule:

• S + V²

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “था, थी, थे” / “या, यी, ए”

🔹 B. PAST CONTINUOUS

Rule:

• S + was/were + V¹ + ing

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “रहा था, रही थी”

🔹 C. PAST PERFECT

Rule:

• S + had + V³

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “चुका था”

🔹 D. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Rule:

• S + had been + V¹ + ing + since/for

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “से रहा था”

✅ 3. FUTURE TENSE (भविष्य काल)

🔹 A. SIMPLE FUTURE

Rule:

• S + will/shall + V¹

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “गा, गी, गे”

🔹 B. FUTURE CONTINUOUS

Rule:

• S + will be + V¹ + ing

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “रहा होगा”

🔹 C. FUTURE PERFECT

Rule:

• S + will have + V³

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “चुका होगा”

🔹 D. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Rule:

• S + will have been + V¹ + ing + since/for

Hindi पहचान:
👉 “से रहा होगा”

✅ HOW TO IDENTIFY TENSE? (पहचान कैसे करें)

🔹 Step-1: Look at Hindi verb ending

🔹 Step-2: Look at English helping verb

✅ HOW TO CHANGE SENTENCE INTO ALL 3 FORMS

Example:

He eats food.

1. Affirmative: He eats food.
2. Negative: He does not eat food.
3. Interrogative: Does he eat food?

✅ Rule Trick:

• Negative → add not
• Interrogative → bring helping verb before subject

✅ QUICK MASTER CHART (One Glance Revision)

If you want, I can also provide:
✅ 100 tense practice questions
✅ Tense Voice Change Rules
✅ Active–Passive Tense Chart
✅ Tense Worksheet PDF for students

👉 Tell me your class level (5–12 or competitive exam?) and I will customize it for you.

👉 अब पहचान आसान है:

• ता/ती/ते है → Present Indefinite
• रहा/रही/रहे है → Present Continuous
• चुका है/हूँ → Present Perfect
• से रहा है/हूँ → Present Perfect Continuous
• या, ई, ए → Past Indefinite
• रहा था/रही थी → Past Continuous
• चुका था → Past Perfect
• से रहा था → Past Perfect Continuous
• गा/गी/गे → Future Indefinite
• रहा होगा → Future Continuous
• चुका होगा → Future Perfect
• से रहा होगा → Future Perfect Continuous

हर Tense (काल) के लिए 5-5 हिंदी वाक्य द

1. Present Tense (वर्तमान काल)

(a) Present Indefinite (साधारण वर्तमान)

पहचान: “ता है, ती है, ते हैं”

1. मैं रोज़ स्कूल जाता हूँ। → I go to school every day.
2. वह किताब पढ़ती है। → She reads a book.
3. वे खेलते हैं। → They play.
4. सूरज पूर्व से निकलता है। → The sun rises in the east.
5. हम गाना गाते हैं। → We sing a song.

(b) Present Continuous (वर्तमान निरंतर)

पहचान: “रहा है, रही है, रहे हैं”

1. वह खाना खा रहा है। → He is eating food.
2. वह गाना गा रही है। → She is singing.
3. बच्चे खेल रहे हैं। → Children are playing.
4. मैं पढ़ रहा हूँ। → I am studying.
5. हम बाज़ार जा रहे हैं। → We are going to the market.

(c) Present Perfect (पूर्ण वर्तमान)

पहचान: “चुका है, चुकी है, चुके हैं”

1. मैंने होमवर्क कर लिया है। → I have done my homework.
2. वह बाज़ार जा चुकी है। → She has gone to the market.
3. उन्होंने खाना खा लिया है। → They have eaten the food.
4. वह काम पूरा कर चुका है। → He has finished the work.
5. हम फिल्म देख चुके हैं। → We have watched the movie.

(d) Present Perfect Continuous (पूर्ण निरंतर वर्तमान)

पहचान: “से रहा है, से रही है, से रहे हैं”

1. मैं दो घंटे से पढ़ रहा हूँ। → I have been studying for two hours.
2. वह सुबह से गा रही है। → She has been singing since morning.
3. वे कल से खेल रहे हैं। → They have been playing since yesterday.
4. हम एक घंटे से बात कर रहे हैं। → We have been talking for one hour.
5. वह लंबे समय से यहाँ काम कर रहा है। → He has been working here for a long time.

2. Past Tense (भूतकाल)

(a) Past Indefinite (साधारण भूत)

पहचान: “या, ई, ए”

1. मैंने खाना खाया। → I ate food.
2. वह स्कूल गया। → He went to school.
3. वह बाज़ार गई। → She went to the market.
4. वे क्रिकेट खेले। → They played cricket.
5. हमने फिल्म देखी। → We watched a movie.

(b) Past Continuous (भूत निरंतर)

पहचान: “रहा था, रही थी, रहे थे”

1. मैं किताब पढ़ रहा था। → I was reading a book.
2. वह गाना गा रही थी। → She was singing.
3. बच्चे खेल रहे थे। → Children were playing.
4. वे बाज़ार जा रहे थे। → They were going to the market.
5. हम बातें कर रहे थे। → We were talking.

(c) Past Perfect (पूर्ण भूत)

पहचान: “चुका था, चुकी थी, चुके थे”

1. मैंने काम पूरा कर लिया था। → I had completed the work.
2. वह स्कूल जा चुकी थी। → She had gone to school.
3. वे खेल चुके थे। → They had played.
4. मैंने खाना खा लिया था। → I had eaten food.
5. हम फिल्म देख चुके थे। → We had watched the movie.

(d) Past Perfect Continuous (पूर्ण निरंतर भूत)

पहचान: “से रहा था, से रही थी, से रहे थे”

1. मैं दो घंटे से पढ़ रहा था। → I had been studying for two hours.
2. वह सुबह से गा रही थी। → She had been singing since morning.
3. वे कल से खेल रहे थे। → They had been playing since yesterday.
4. हम एक घंटे से बातें कर रहे थे। → We had been talking for an hour.
5. वह लंबे समय से काम कर रहा था। → He had been working for a long time.

3. Future Tense (भविष्यकाल)

(a) Future Indefinite (साधारण भविष्य)

पहचान: “गा, गी, गे”

1. मैं स्कूल जाऊँगा। → I will go to school.
2. वह बाज़ार जाएगी। → She will go to the market.
3. वे खेलेंगे। → They will play.
4. हम फिल्म देखेंगे। → We will watch a movie.
5. वह किताब पढ़ेगा। → He will read a book.

(b) Future Continuous (भविष्य निरंतर)

पहचान: “रहा होगा, रही होगी, रहे होंगे”

1. मैं किताब पढ़ रहा होऊँगा। → I will be reading a book.
2. वह खाना खा रही होगी। → She will be eating food.
3. वे खेल रहे होंगे। → They will be playing.
4. हम बातें कर रहे होंगे। → We will be talking.
5. वह काम कर रहा होगा। → He will be working.

(c) Future Perfect (पूर्ण भविष्य)

पहचान: “चुका होगा, चुकी होगी, चुके होंगे”

1. मैं काम पूरा कर चुका होऊँगा। → I will have completed the work.
2. वह बाज़ार जा चुकी होगी। → She will have gone to the market.
3. वे खेल चुके होंगे। → They will have played.
4. हम फिल्म देख चुके होंगे। → We will have watched the movie.
5. वह खाना खा चुका होगा। → He will have eaten the food.

(d) Future Perfect Continuous (पूर्ण निरंतर भविष्य)

पहचान: “से रहा होगा, से रही होगी, से रहे होंगे”

1. मैं दो घंटे से पढ़ रहा होऊँगा। → I will have been studying for two hours.
2. वह सुबह से गा रही होगी। → She will have been singing since morning.
3. वे कल से खेल रहे होंगे। → They will have been playing since yesterday.
4. हम एक घंटे से बातें कर रहे होंगे। → We will have been talking for one hour.
5. वह लंबे समय से काम कर रहा होगा। → He will have been working for a long time.

✅ WH-family interrogative rules (tense-wise)
✅ Use of S / ES in Simple Present (clear rules)
✅ Use of SINCE & FOR in Perfect Continuous with time

✅ ADDITION–1

🔹 WH-FAMILY INTERROGATIVE RULES (TENSE WISE)

WH Words:
👉 What, When, Where, Why, Who, Whom, Which, Whose, How

🔹 GENERAL FORMULA (ALL TENSES):

WH + Helping Verb + Subject + Main Verb?

✅ A. SIMPLE PRESENT (WH-Questions)

Rule:

WH + do/does + subject + V¹ ?

Examples:

• What do you want?
• Where does he live?
• Why do they study?

❗ If WHO is the subject → no do/does used

• Who teaches you? ✅
• Who calls you daily? ✅

✅ B. PRESENT CONTINUOUS (WH)

Rule:

WH + is/am/are + subject + V¹ + ing ?

Examples:

• What are you doing?
• Where is she going?
• Why are they crying?

✅ C. PRESENT PERFECT (WH)

Rule:

WH + has/have + subject + V³ ?

Examples:

• What have you done?
• Where has he gone?
• Why have they stopped?

✅ D. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (WH)

Rule:

WH + has/have + subject + been + V¹+ing + since/for ?

Examples:

• What have you been doing for 2 hours?
• Since when has he been working here?

✅ E. SIMPLE PAST (WH)

Rule:

WH + did + subject + V¹ ?

Examples:

• What did you eat?
• Where did she go?
• Why did they fight?

✅ F. PAST CONTINUOUS (WH)

Rule:

WH + was/were + subject + V¹+ing ?

Examples:

• What were you doing?
• Where was she going?

✅ G. PAST PERFECT (WH)

Rule:

WH + had + subject + V³ ?

Examples:

• What had you done?
• Why had he left?

✅ H. FUTURE SIMPLE (WH)

Rule:

WH + will + subject + V¹ ?

Examples:

• What will you do tomorrow?
• Where will she go?

✅ I. FUTURE CONTINUOUS (WH)

Rule:

WH + will + subject + be + V¹+ing ?

Example:

• What will you be doing at 8 pm?

✅ J. FUTURE PERFECT (WH)

Rule:

WH + will + subject + have + V³ ?

Example:

• What will you have completed by Monday?

✅ K. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS (WH)

Rule:

WH + will + subject + have been + V¹+ing + since/for ?

Example:

• How long will you have been working here?

✅ ADDITION–2

🔹 SIMPLE PRESENT: USE OF S / ES WITH VERB

✅ Rule:

When subject is He, She, It, or Singular Noun →
➡ Add S / ES to the verb.

✅ When to add S

If verb ends normally:

• play → plays
• eat → eats
• live → lives

✅ When to add ES

If verb ends with:

• s, sh, ch, x, o

✅ Y Rule

• If consonant + y → y → ies
  • cry → cries
  • carry → carries
• If vowel + y → only s
  • play → plays
  • enjoy → enjoys

✅ Negative & Interrogative

❗ When does is used → verb becomes V¹

• He does not play ❌ NOT plays
• Does he play? ✅

✅ ADDITION–3

🔹 PERFECT CONTINUOUS: USE OF SINCE & FOR (TIME RULE)

Used in:

• Present Perfect Continuous
• Past Perfect Continuous
• Future Perfect Continuous

✅ ✅ FOR = Period of Time (कितनी देर से)

Used with duration:

• 10 minutes
• 2 hours
• 5 years
• a long time

Examples:

• I have been studying for 2 hours.
• She had been working for 5 years.
• He will have been waiting for 30 minutes.

✅ ✅ SINCE = Point of Time (कब से)

Used with starting time:

• morning
• Monday
• 2018
• 5 o’clock

Examples:

• I have been studying since morning.
• She had been living here since 2019.
• They will have been working since Monday.

✅ Common Mistakes to Avoid

❌ since 2 hours → WRONG
✅ for 2 hours → CORRECT

❌ for morning → WRONG
✅ since morning → CORRECT

✅ FINAL QUICK REMEMBER TRICK

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