🔹 PART 1: SENTENCE REORDERING (Rearranging Sentences)
💡 What It Means:
You are given jumbled words or parts of a sentence.
You have to reorder them correctly to make a meaningful sentence.
🧠 Example 1 (Words Jumbled)
Q: market / went / to / I / yesterday / the
👉 Step 1: Find the subject = I
👉 Step 2: Find the verb = went
👉 Step 3: Add other details = to the market yesterday
✅ Correct sentence: I went to the market yesterday.
🧠 Example 2 (Jumbled parts)
Q: (a) with my friends (b) I (c) went to (d) the zoo
✅ Answer: (b) I (c) went to (a) with my friends (d) the zoo
➡️ Final sentence: I went to the zoo with my friends.
🧩 Trick to Solve Quickly:
| Step | What to Find | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 1️⃣ | Subject (Who?) | I, He, They, The boy |
| 2️⃣ | Verb (What action?) | went, is, was, played |
| 3️⃣ | Object (Whom/What?) | book, food, game |
| 4️⃣ | Adverb / Place / Time | yesterday, in the park, quickly |
✅ Sentence = Subject + Verb + Object + Adverb
🧠 Example 3 (Class 10 Level)
Q: (a) by car (b) we (c) to the airport (d) went
👉 Subject = we, Verb = went, Rest = to the airport by car
✅ Answer: We went to the airport by car.
🔹 PART 2: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
💡 What It Means:
Changing the form of a sentence without changing its meaning.
✳️ 1. Assertive ↔ Interrogative
| Assertive (Statement) | Interrogative (Question) |
|---|---|
| She is a good dancer. | Is she a good dancer? |
| He cannot swim. | Can he swim? |
👉 Rule: Move helping verb (is/am/are/was/were/can/will) to the front.
✳️ 2. Affirmative ↔ Negative
| Affirmative | Negative |
|---|---|
| She is honest. | She is not dishonest. |
| Everyone likes her. | No one dislikes her. |
👉 Use opposite words or “not” carefully.
✳️ 3. Active ↔ Passive Voice
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| Ram eats an apple. | An apple is eaten by Ram. |
| The teacher praised the boy. | The boy was praised by the teacher. |
👉 Rule:
Object → Subject,
Verb → “be” form + past participle,
Subject → “by” phrase.
✳️ 4. Direct ↔ Indirect Speech
| Direct | Indirect |
|---|---|
| He said, “I am tired.” | He said that he was tired. |
| She said, “I like apples.” | She said that she liked apples. |
👉 Rule:
Tense changes one step back (Present → Past).
✳️ 5. Exclamatory ↔ Assertive
| Exclamatory | Assertive |
|---|---|
| What a beautiful day it is! | It is a very beautiful day. |
| How fast he runs! | He runs very fast. |
✳️ 6. Degrees of Comparison
| Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
|---|---|---|
| This is a tall building. | This building is taller than that one. | This is the tallest building. |
👉 Rule:
Use than for comparative, the + adjective + -est for superlative.
🧩 Visual Chart Summary
| Type | Example (Before) | Example (After) |
|---|---|---|
| Reordering | went / school / he / to / yesterday | He went to school yesterday. |
| Assertive → Interrogative | She is a teacher. | Is she a teacher? |
| Affirmative → Negative | He always helps. | He never fails to help. |
| Active → Passive | They play cricket. | Cricket is played by them. |
| Direct → Indirect | She said, “I am happy.” | She said that she was happy. |
| Exclamatory → Assertive | What a lovely flower! | It is a very lovely flower. |